2020, vol. 8, no. 1. Mayorov A.A.

2020, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 67-86

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22378/2313-6197.2020-8-1.67-86

   ON THE FUNCTION OF THE TULA BASQAQS
IN THE NORTHEASTERN PART OF THE CHERNIGOV PRINCIPALITY
IN THE THIRTEENTH AND FOURTEENTH CENTURIES

A.A. Mayorov
Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev
Orel, Russian Federation
aamajorov@rambler.ru

Abstract: Research objectives: Identification of the set of reasons that led to the emergence, function, and disappearance of the Golden Horde’s administrative structures not related to the ruling princely dynasty in the northeastern territories of the Chernigov principality in the second half of the thirteenth and first half of the fourteenth century.
Research materials: Medieval Rus’ian chronicles; namely, the Laurentian, Hypathian, Resurrection, Nikonian, and Rogozhskii Chronicles. Contractual charters of Rus’ian prin­ces, yarliqs of the Golden Horde khans, the results of archaeological research, and memoirs of European travelers.
Results and novelty of the research: An analysis of the collected and systematized materials shows that initially the Golden Horde administrative structures that were not connected with the ruling princely dynasty (“Taydula’s basqaqship”) arose because of the need to preserve the administration in the lands directly adjacent to the Don trade route. To a certain extent, the continuation of their further functioning was due to the local organization of a number of commodity handicraft industries which were necessary for conducting commercial activities using the Don trade route. The consequence of the disappearance of the “basqaqship” was, among other things, an almost complete depopulation of the region. Along with the Time of Troubles in the Golden Horde in the second half of the fourteenth century, the disappearance of the “basqaqship” could have been caused both by indirect consequences of the plague epidemic (Black Death), which had a negative impact on business contacts, and the military aggression of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

Keywords: Golden Horde, northeast of the Chernigov principality, administration of territories, Basqaqs, Tula Basqaqship, Don trade route, commodity craft production, Gol­den Horde’s Time of Troubles, plague epidemic

For citation: Mayorov A.A. On the Function of the Tula Basqaqs in the Northeastern Part of the Chernigov Principality in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. Zoloto­ordynskoe obozrenie=Golden Horde Review. 2020, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 67–86. DOI: 10.22378/2313-6197.2020-8-1.67-86

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About the author: Anatoliy A. Mayorov – Cand. Sci. (History), Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev (95, Komsomolskaya Str., Orel 302026, Russian Federation); ORCID: 0000-0002-4758-7553. E-mail: aamajorov@rambler.ru

Received  January 9, 2020   Accepted for publication  February 28, 2020
Published Online  March 29, 2020