2020, vol. 8, no. 1. Avakov P.A., Bespyatykh Yu.N.

2020, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 127-146

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22378/2313-6197.2020-8-1.127-146

   THE CRIMEAN KHANATE IN 1736 ACCORDING TO THE ACCOUNT
OF THE FRENCH CONSUL, ADAM YAVORKA

P.A. Avakov 1, Yu.N. Bespyatykh 2
1 Federal Research Centre The Southern Scientific Centre
of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
pavakov@mail.ru
2 St. Petersburg Institute of History of the Russian Academy of Sciences
St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
ybespyatykh@yandex.ru

Abstract: Research objective: An introduction to the scholarly circulation of a unique document of 1736 and the evaluation of its informative potential as a source on the history of the Crimean Khanate. Along the way, the authors reconstruct the circumstances of the creation of the document and the factors that determined its semantic focus and content.
Research materials: An archived original of the document, first translated from German and accompanied by external and internal criticism on a wide range of contemporary sources and more recent studies.
Results and novelty of the research: The account of the French consul, A. Yavorka, was recorded in the camp of the Russian army in the Crimea on the order of Field Marshal, Count B.Ch. Münnich. Thematically it is divided into three sections: an autobiographical story, intelligence information, and general geographic information. Being a clerical document, this source also fits into the wide context of foreign narratives about the Crimean Khanate.
The account by A. Yavorka contains new information about his biography, the reaction of the Crimean elite to the invasion by the Russian army, the position of the Christian subjects of the Khan in wartime, the representatives of the Giray’s family, and the economy of the Crimean Khanate. Verification of the data in comparison with evidence from other sources suggests a high degree of reliability regarding the document under study. At the same time, the information of A. Yavorka about the structure of the nobility of the Crimean Khanate is not quite accurate, which is explained by the rather superficial acquaintance of the diplomat with this segment of public life in his host country.

Keywords: Crimean Khanate, source study, French diplomacy, Russian-Turkish war of 1735–1739

For citation: Avakov P.A., Bespyatykh Yu.N. The Crimean Khanate in 1736 accor­ding to the Account of the French Consul, Adam Yavorka. Zolotoordynskoe obozrenie = Golden Horde Review. 2020, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 127–146. DOI: 10.22378/2313-6197.2020-8-1.127-146

Acknowledgements: The article was prepared as part of state assignments for 2020 entrusted to the Federal Research Centre The Southern Scientific Centre of the RAS on the topic “History and Culture of the Peoples of the South of Russia: Between Tradition and Mo­dernization” (state registration number: AAAA-A19-119011190182-8), and the St. Petersburg Institute of History of the RAS on the topic “Monuments of documentary writing of the Middle Ages and the New Age in the collections of the Scientific and Histo­rical Archive and other archives of the Russian Federation: description, study and publication” (state registration number: AAAA-A19-119011790239-3).

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About the authors: Pyotr A. Avakov – Cand. Sci. (History), Senior Research Associate of the Federal Research Centre The Southern Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences (41, Chekhov Ave., Rostov-on-Don 344006, Russian Federation); ORCID: 0000-0001-9051-5611. E-mail: pavakov@mail.ru

Yuri N. Bespyatykh – Dr. Sci. (History), Leading Researcher of the St. Petersburg Institute of History of the Russian Academy of Sciences (7, Petrozavodskaya Str., St. Petersburg 197110, Russian Federation); ORCID: 0000-0002-4383-254X. E-mail: ybespyatykh@yandex.ru

Received  December 20, 2019  Accepted for publication  February 4, 2020
Published Online  March 29, 2020