2019, vol. 7, no. 4. Abibullayeva E.E.

2019, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 733-743

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22378/2313-6197.2019-7-4.733-743

   MEDICINE OF THE CRIMEAN KHANATE
THROUGH THE PRISM OF EVERYDAY LIFE

E.E. Abibullayeva 1, 2
1 Ismail Gasprinsky Memorial Museum,
Bakhchisaray Historical, Cultural and Archaeological Museum-Reserve

2 Crimean Research Center
of the Marjani Institute of History of Tatarstan Academy of Sciences
Bakhchisaray, Russian Federation
shems-annur@mail.ru

Abstract: Objective: To present a picture of everyday life in the Crimean khanate on the basis of the analysis of written sources describing medicine and means of treatment.
Research materials: “Menafiu-n Nas”, a medical treatise of the first half of the sixteenth century studied by Turkish researchers, information found in Kadiasker notebooks, and information originating from the medieval travelers, Evliya Çelebi, Emiddio Dortelli d’Ascoli, and Charles de Peyssonnel.
Results and novelty of the research: This article contains the review of one aspect of everyday life in the period of the Crimean Khanate. Great attention is paid to the observations recorded during training or practice and recorded in the written sources of the 16th–18th centuries.
Examining everyday life in the towns of the Crimean Khanate, one cannot avoid the topic of medicine, since the people at all stages of their lives were looking for new ways of treating different diseases. Foremost among all mentioned materials about medical researchers is that which we find in the works of Evliya Çelebi. For example, while describing the capital of the Crimean Khanate, he wrote the following: “This is the ancient town – it is the source of scholars and a collection of wise people, the residence of poets, and that is why there are so many scholars of medicine. Skillful doctors and surgeons, they are good masters in the science of the pulse, quite like Galen”.
Concerning special medical institutions for the sick, the existence of the hospital (imarhane) should be noted, about which the traveler wrote the following “…close to Sahib Giray Khan’s mosque, in Bakhchisaray, there is a hospital consisting of two rooms, where they take care of the sick people”.
The special attention paid by Sahib Giray to sick people is confirmed by his protection and patronage of Nedai, the Crimean-Turkish scholar of medicine who lived on the first half of the sixteenth century and who was also the author of some works in philosophy and medicine, in particular, a well-known medical treatise, “Menafiu-n Nas”. In his work, he enumerated the substances of plant, animal, and mineral origin and gave recipes for preparing medicine aimed at treating different diseases. It is well known that this treatise enjoyed great popularity among people thanks to its quite simple descriptions and the fact that it was written in the Turkish language.

Keywords: Crimean Khanate, everyday life, towns, medicine

For citation: Abibullayeva E.E. Medicine of the Crimean Khanate through the Prism of Everyday Life. Zolotoordynskoe obozrenie=Golden Horde Review. 2019, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 733–743. DOI: 10.22378/2313-6197.2019-7-4.733-743

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About the author: Elmira E. Abibullayeva – Director of the Ismail Gasprinsky Memorial Museum, State Budget Institution of the Republic of Crimea “Bakhchisaray Historical, Cultural and Archaeological Museum-Reserve”; Researcher of the Crimean Research Center of the Marjani Institute of History of Tatarstan Academy of Sciences (47A, Ismail Gasprinsky Str., Bakhchisaray 298405, Russian Federation) E-mail: shems-annur@mail.ru

Received  September 30, 2019   Accepted for publication  November 13, 2019
Published Online  December 29, 2019