2019, vol. 7, no. 2. Belyakov A.V.

2019, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 372-391

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22378/2313-6197.2019-7-2.372-391

   SIBERIAN QUEENS

A.V. Belyakov
Institute of Russian History of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Moscow, Russian Federation
belafeb@gmail.com

Abstract: Research objectives: To analyze all historical evidence we have about the Siberian queens and princesses – the wives and daughters of the Siberian Khan, Kuchum – captured in August 1598. At the same time, this work was primarily interested in information about their origins and how their fate in Russia unfolded.
Materials: There are more than a limited number of documents on the history of the Siberian queens at the turn of the 16th–17th centuries. In addition to several newly disco­vered documents, the author turned to the originals of the monuments published in the first half of the 19th century. It was found that publishers had distorted the original text in a number of places. They ignored revisions and later marginal notes. In addition, in some places the text has undergone editing in order to make it more understandable. As a result, it turned out that for almost 200 years researchers used a defective source in their research.
Results and novelty of the research: It was established that at least two queens of Kuchum Khan came from the lineage of the Kazakh Shibanids, and Kasimov’s king, Uraz-Muhammed b. Ondan, was Kuchum’s stepson. Another one of the queens was from the Chatsky Mirzas. The captive women got along with overall difficulty in Russia. The reasons for their difficulties should be sought in the events of their Siberian life.
Having obtained such a significant number of noble captives, Moscow attempted to use them to pacify their relatives who remained in Siberia. This project failed for two reasons: 1) poor awareness in the Kremlin about the features of the social structure of the Siberian khanate and 2) the events of the Time of Troubles began soon after the women’s capture. In Russia, many of these women were married to the Siberian and Urgench Chinggi­sids and the Nogai Mirzas.
It was assumed that the marriage policy of the Siberian Shibanids in general was typical of the states of the East. At the same time, it was most similar to the matrimonial policy of the Crimean Gireys. The data obtained thus far allows us to raise the question of the possibility of reconstructing the personal composition of the court of Kuchum Khan at the end of the 16th century.

Keywords: Kuchumovichi, Siberian Khanate, Moscow State of the end of the 16th – the first half of the 17th century, Kazakh Khanate, Nogai Mirzas

For сitation: Belyakov A.V. Siberian Queens. Zolotoordynskoe obozrenie=Golden Horde Review. 2019, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 372–391. (in Russian) DOI: 10.22378/2313-6197.2019-7-2.372-391

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About the autor: Andrey V. Belyakov – Dr. Sci. (History), Research Associate, Ins­titute of Russian History of the Russian Academy of Sciences (19, Dm. Ulyanov Str., Moscow 117292, Russian Federation). E-mail: belafeb@gmail.com

Received  January 15, 2019   Accepted for publication  March 5, 2019
Published online  June 29, 2019